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Jan.2024 05
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How to Increase Testosterone
Introduction
Know how it work, know how to boost testosterone
Details

Introduction:
Testosterone, the primary male hormone, plays a pivotal role in sex differentiation, male characteristic development, and fertility. Its influence begins during fetal development when the SRY gene triggers testicle formation. Subsequently, testosterone and its derivatives shape the male reproductive and external genital structures. Conversely, the absence of the Y chromosome leads to female reproductive development.

Function: Testosterone drives primary sexual development, influencing testicular descent, spermatogenesis, penile and testicular enlargement, and libido. It also regulates secondary male characteristics, such as hair patterns, voice changes, anabolic effects, and erythropoiesis. Age-related declines in testosterone levels contribute to various changes in males, affecting bone density, muscle mass, libido, and erythropoiesis.

Mechanism: In puberty, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulates testosterone levels. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) orchestrate testosterone production. Leydig cells in the testes convert cholesterol to testosterone, subject to feedback inhibition. Testosterone's effects are mediated by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and binding to cell receptors.

Related Testing: Diagnosing testosterone-related disorders involves assessing clinical features and conducting tests like morning serum testosterone levels. Testosterone deficiency manifests with pre-pubertal and post-pubertal symptoms. Testing may include FSH, LH, and additional hormone assessments. Hyperandrogenism's clinical presentations vary based on age and gender.

Clinical Significance: Testosterone pathologies involve over-production (e.g., PCOS, adrenal tumors) or under-production (e.g., aging, genetic disorders). Conditions like Klinefelter and Kallmann syndromes, 5-alpha reductase deficiency, and androgen insensitivity highlight various testosterone-related disorders. Testosterone has therapeutic applications, while androgen antagonists are used in specific medical conditions.

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